The relationship between king and parliament deteriorated steadily until open warfare broke out at Edgehill in 1642. The war raged across the whole of Britain until Charles was finally defeated at Naseby in 1645. Royalist troops continued to defy Parliament sporadically until the battle of Worcester in 1651 when Charles II was forced to flee the country.
The ensuing peace was the period known as the Commonwealth. During this period there was no king of England, but Oliver Cromwell ruled as Lord Protector until his death. Charles II was restored to the throne in 1660.
For more detailed information read some dissertation about The English Civil War or just visit this site:http://www.historyguide.org/earlymod/lecture7c.html
]]>The term “Dip” is probably a misnomer, since most painters seem to prefer to paint the stain on with a brush.
The most common color used for the Dip is Minwax Polyshades Tudor Satin. This, however, can be hard to find. Others have had success with the Walnut shade.
To use the dip, first paint the figure. You don’t have to get too fancy here—in fact, it works best if you use basic blocking. Then, apply the furniture stain either by dipping the figure into the stain or by applying it with a brush, allowing the Dip to settle down into the creases. It can take up to 24 hours to dry.
Some painters report getting better results and faster drying when the stain is diluted with turpentine.
The advantage of using the Dip is that the liquid flows into the creases, recesses and folds of the miniature, giving it a shaded effect without the effort of multiple layers of paint. Most people using this as a speed technigue simply block out the colors and then apply the Dip.
An essay paper tutorial on dipping can also be found on the Hasslefree miniatures site
]]>Comments:
Charlie Sweet:
Pioneer Proponent of Wargaming Dead at 87
By Bob Beattie
“A Little War Can be a Lot of Fun.”
—Charlie Sweet, 1914-2001
Within a short year, a second of our Old Guard has been taken up from us. Last year it was Tony Bath, now with much sadness I learn of the passing of Charlie Sweet on June 6, 2001, at the age of 87.
I suspect very few who entered the hobby after 1970 even know of Charlie. He wrote no commercially available rules, he marketed no figures, he edited no magazine or essay nor was an officer of any national wargame group. Yet, he probably did more than any one to make wargaming the openly accepted activity it is today.
Imagine, he was born the year after Little Wars was published and thus lived through the whole history of the hobby to date. I call him an Old Guard because he was a member of the original subscriber list for the first wargame magazine, The War Game Digest, edited by Jack Scruby. He contributed many articles to that publication too. He, along with Tony Bath, were the only two to be on the original lists of both TWGD and The Slingshot.
It has been my pleasure to know Charlie since 1968. One Fall Sunday, the New England Wargamers Association that Dick Bryant and I had formed took a field trip down from Boston to Bristol Connecticut to see Charlie of whom we had read so much about in Scruby�s magazine. There were about 6 of us, all new to organized gaming. Charlie welcomed us and gave the grand tour of his collection. We all had maybe a couple hundred figures among us so seeing Charlie�s floor to ceiling closets stacked with boxes of SAE and Britains and Allemyr figures shocked us. We then proceeded to play a game on his then famous square grided table with hundreds of home-made Revolutionary War figures. I am not talking home casting others designs. These were all hand designed, cast, and painted to create a collection of every unit extant in the Revolution on all sides - six man regiments of each unit.
In his ancients games, he used catapults with clay tips to shoot at the troops. All in all a great experience for us, and for me an inspiration to what a wargame collection could be, and the wargame life lived.
So what was it that he did to create the hobby as it is today. He was the first adult with an important position in life (a bank president no less), if not the first period, to demonstrate that real men can play wargames. In 1965 Sports Illustrated carried a long article on Charlie and wargaming in general. See the Courier Timeline for the complete text of the article with title as shown at the top of this commentary:
He later appeared on TV with Mike Wallace and Walter Cronkite. As a result of this article and TV, Jack Scruby reported a tremendous rise in requests for information about the hobby and sales of figures. This article is surely the definitive take-off point for wargaming as it is today. Before, where there were a few hundred adults in the US, at least, gaming quietly with a friend or family member, after came the growth of clubs, magazines, figures, rules, conventions. Maybe not all a causal result but certainly strongly influenced by Charlie allowing himself to be shown playing games with toy soldiers.
It was an informative and serious article, the author caught on that this was fun but not funny. Just about all the rules that Charlie presented are the same as we use today, except for the shooting cannon. Change the names of the figure makers and the article would pass today.
After I moved from Boston, I did not see Charlie as he retired and spent much time with his other hobby—fishing. Then at one Historicon I was running what I then called a Father-Son game and who should arrive to play but 70-some Charlie and his now adult son David. Luckily, I got to see Charlie most years at the con. He was still gaming and buying figures. He was working on his new 15mm Byzantines and their opponents just this year.
He was one who shared the hobby and he even lent me a complete set of Scruby�s Wargamers Digests to copy.
The hobby is by far the better for Charlie�s contributions and I will miss him much.
Let me leave with Charlie�s closing quote from the SI article:
“When I first started playing wargames, a lot of my friends around here thought I was doing it because of my three sons. I know it may sound silly to some people, but I wasn�t doing any such thing. Everybody to his own taste, I say. Many men I know love soldiers and would enjoy playing with them but won�t admit it. Also it�s an instructive game. You learn a lot of history playing it. And you learn to use your wits too. As far as I am concerned , I�d much rather move a soldier on a tabletop than run a model railroad. It�s a fascinating game—and anybody who says it�s childish, why he just plain doesn�t know what he is talking about. Would you call Winston Churchill childish?”
No, I wouldn�t, and I certainty would not call Charlie Sweet childish either. Thanks for everything.
————
A tiny sidelight of hobby history
Charlie said something about skirmish games when we all visited him that first time that led us to discuss the idea further on the way home. We took his idea a step further and wondered if you could do a game where each figure was one person with various traits for combat, movement, shooting, perception, morale, etc. You would roll dice to determine the capabilities and then each figure would carry out his objectives. Was this one of the first discussions of role play games? We took it only so far as Leo Cronin�s Irish Rebellion game. Too bad we did not apply it to fantasy gaming that the group also invented.
]]>LoTR:SBG was originally released in 2001 to tie in with the LoTR movie series, but Games Workshop continues to grow the line with figures and races from other Middle Earth literary sources.
Game Details
Each figure represents an individual combatant. Armies are composed of one or more figures, and there are no mandatory formation rules. Figures are either warriors or heroes, with heroes having extra abilities above those of normal warriors.
In a departure from traditional GW games, the turn sequence is a modified “IGOUGO” system in which players alternate in each phase of the turn. Thus, both players move before either player shoots, etc.
Heroic characters are able to influence the order of activation during the turn as well as modify their dice rolls through expenditure of “Might Points”. Each hero has a limited number of Might Points which generally do not replenish during a battle.
Battles in LoTR:SBG are often scenario driven encounters. Point matched battles are also supported by the rules, as are Battle Companies games, which are small Mordheim like campaign games.
Figures in the game are categorize by their allegiance. Originally, they were simply divided into “Force of Good” and “Forces of Evil”, but with the re-release of the game system, they are now separated into factions:
* The Shire
* Arnor and Angmar
* The Elven Havens
* Moria
* The Woodland Realm
* Rohan
* Isengard
* Gondor
* Men of Numenor
* Mordor
* The Dwarf Holds
* Easterlings
* Harad
De Bellis Antiquitatis or DBA is a fast play set of rules for the hobby of historical miniature wargaming, particularly medieval and ancient wargaming in the period 3000 BC to 1485 AD. These rules allow entire armies to be represented by less than 50 figures. The rules also includes a campaign system, and over 200 army lists. DBA is produced by the Wargames Research Group and was the first game in the DBx series, which now includes De Bellis Multitudinis (a more complex version of DBA), Hordes of the Things (a fantasy version), and De Bellis Renationis (a renaissance version).
Scale: Each figure represents an unstated number of actual combatants. Each army is composed of 12 elements (stands). Ground scale is given as 1” = 100 paces for 15mm or smaller, double that for larger figures. One turn represents roughly 15 minutes. Can be used with any scale figures.
Basing: The width of the base depends upon the scale of figures being used; the depth depends upon both figure scale and type. The number of figures per base also depends upon the figure’s type. For instance, an element of 15mm swordsmen is composed of 4 figures mounted on a 40mm (frontage) x 15mm (depth) base; a 15mm elephant is mounted alone on a 40mm x 40mm base.
Designed by: Phil Barker, Richard Bodley Scott, Sue Laflin Barker
]]>* ‘‘Armati’’ (Arty Conliffe, 1994)
* ‘‘Armati II’’ (Arty Conliffe, 2004)
* ‘‘The Art of War’‘
* ‘‘Basic Impetus’’ (Dadi & Piombo, 2006)
* ‘‘Centurion’’ (Simulations Publications Inc., 1971)
* ‘‘Classical Hack’’ (LMW Works Publications, 2002)
* ‘‘Crusader’’ (Crusader Miniatures, 2007)
* ‘’De Bellis Antiquitatis’’ (Wargames Research Group, 1990)
* ‘’De Bellis Magistrorum Militum’’ (Caliver Books, 2007)
* ‘’De Bellis Multitudinis’’ (Wargames Research Group, 1993)
* ‘‘Field of Glory’’ (Osprey Publishing, 2008)
* ‘‘Gladiator OTT’’ (The OTTgameteam, 2009)
* ‘‘Gordian Knot’’ (Agema.org.uk, 2007)
* ‘‘Holy Hack Hacking by the Book: Biblical Warfare’’ (LMW Works, 2007)
* ‘‘Homeric Hack: Warfare in the Age of Heroes’’ (LMW Works, 2005)
* ‘‘Macedon and Rome V 6 (Computer Moderated Miniature Wargame Rules)’’ (Computer Strategies, 2007)
* ‘‘Legions Unleashed-Ancients’’ (Tactical Command Games, 1983, 1996, 2008)
* ‘‘Tactica - An Historical Approach to Ancient Wargaming’’ (Arty Conliffe, 1989)
* ‘’Tony Bath Rules’’ (60s)
* ‘‘Vis Bellica’’ (Ordered Flexibility, 2002)
* ‘’Warhammer Ancient Battles’’ (Games Workshop, Warhammer Historical Wargames Ltd, 1998)
* ‘’Warmaster Ancients’’ (Games Workshop, Warhammer Historical Wargames Ltd, 2005)
* ‘’Warrior
Category:Ancients
Category: Rulesets
Category:Ancients Miniatures Rules
Hordes Primal - Privateer Press
Legends of Araby - Two Hour Wargames
Warmachine - Privateer Press
]]>Quotes:
“Therein lies one of the fascinations of war gaming - one can remake history to suit one’s own ideas, can alter the complete trend of events by re-fighting a major battle such as Waterloo and making the French win it - imagine what would have been the result if the French had won in 1815 and then see just how powerful the war gamer can make himself.” - Donald Featherstone (War Games - 1962).
“It is doubtful whether wargames will ever give one profound military insight, but the wargamer may gain an understanding of the problems of the commanders in the field and a glimpse of the military thinking of the time by re-fighting each battle in the correct tactical manner, using the formations and weapons of the day.” - Donald Featherstone (Featherstone’s Complete Wargaming - 1988).
“Above all, it belies its militant name by encouraging lasting friendships.” - Donald Featherstone (Featherstone’s Complete Wargaming - 1988).
“The amateur model soldier maker is almost invariably a perfectionist, and goes to endless trouble in order to ensure that his small figures are correctly equipped and painted. He carries out patients’ research papers into old books and prints; haunts museums, libraries, and second-hand book shops seeking authentic illustrations of the particular soldier he is making at the time.” - Donald Featherstone (War Games - 1962).
“The hobby of wargaming reveals innumerable facets… Anything said or written about wargaming can only be further stimulus to an already flourishing past time that is all things to all men.” - Donald Featherstone (Featherstone’s Complete Wargaming - 1988).
]]>Quotes:
“Little Wars - a Game for Boys from Twelve Years of Age to One Hundred and Fifty and for that more Intelligent sort of Girl who likes Boys’ Games and Books.” - H. G. Wells (Little Wars - 1913).
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